Well after a cup of that…there will most likely be shit

Class A Team

Or $30 product, and “sorry we don’t ship to your location”

Or the fairly regular $30 product with $75 shipping.

Taking the planet as the reference point. Complicates the situation a lot, but here we go.

If you contrast “A” and “D”. The initial velocity in “A” is 1, whereas “D” is 201. The acceleration due to gravity in “A” SEEMS LOWER (this is why external observer is way easier) on the way in and in “D” it seems higher. In “A” you are literally falling for much longer (gaining much more speed); than in “D”.

In “C” and “F” the situations are also different, I over simplified a bit too much. In “C” you would spend more energy than in “F”; since the acceleration due to gravity would seem higher, but not that much more. I should have made the exit angle 90°, to make them exactly equivalent…

The calculations are significantly more complex from the point of view of either the planet or space craft.

Thinking about trying to solve a real set of equations is a bit much; there are other concerns; like the fact that gravity drops off at 1/d²; so distance between the objects matters, the integration over distance of the equations is beyond me (I haven’t had to do that since uni, 20yrs ago). But the concepts are not too complicated; and for me at least the external observer makes it so much less complicated.

First assume that it is a spherical cow traveling through a vacuum…

It is difficult to conceptualise.

But you also have to choose the most convenient observer to help you get it.

I would say the easiest way to “get it” would be to consider it from the Suns observation point of view. Choosing the planet or spacecraft just means that you have to consider a lot more relative motion.

• Situation A: Your space craft is catching up to the planet;
• Situation B: You have gained “29” speed as you fall toward it.
• Situation C: You spend 20 speed climbing back out of the gravity well; for a total speed gain of 9.

• Situation D: Same setup, you catch the planet quicker because it is now traveling toward you.
• Situation E: You have only gained “11” speed rather than the 29 when the planet was moving away from you.
• Situation F: You still spend 20 speed to climb out of the gravity well; for a total speed loss of 9.

This is obviously simplified and the numbers are meaningless. But the concept stands.

Depending of the incoming and outgoing angles; the energy changes are more or less…

Hope this illustrates it a little better.

No, it’s hard to explain without diagrams.

But as you fall towards a planet (any gravity well); you pick up speed, if the planet is moving away from you, you fall for longer before you catch up. As you climb back up, you don’t spend all of the energy you gained on the way down. That difference is the Slingshot effect.

It also works in reverse, if the planet is moving towards you. You catch up quicker, thus gain less speed. And spend overall more energy than you gained when you climb back out. Slowing down in the process.

You are gaining (or losing) energy based on if you are traveling in the same direction at the planet or not.

If you are coming from behind (travelling in the same direction) you an falling into the gravity well for longer. Thus gaining more energy. The extra energy is based on the speed of the planet through space.

Conversely if you an coming from the front, you fall for a shorter period. You lose energy at you climb up the gravity well.

Well it is a hypothesis that needs testing…

You are asking two how to questions “combat climate change” and “reduce emissions”

To realistically combat climate change:

• Admit that we need to try geoengineering (we are already doing this with all the CO₂ and CH₄ going into the atmosphere)
• Weather it is SO₂ injection or cloud seeding to artificially increase the albido; we need to reduce incident solar radiation to give us a few more decades to actually reduce emissions

To reduce emissions:

• Tackle the biggest emissions first.
• Electrification of the passenger fleet; that means batteries. Keep fuel cells for heavy transport (maybe)
• Encourage electric biking. And other micro-mobility. Along with better public transport.
• Normalise a historical style diet, meat is a treat only once or twice a week.
• Reduce concrete construction; keep it for the important things like the foundations.
• Reduce the practice of packaging everything in plastic; again keep it for the important things only like electrical insulation.
• Massive ramp up of solar and wind around the world.
• Where we use fossil fuels, ask is this important enough to use FF here?

Carbon taxes:

• Tax CO₂e (carbon dioxide equivalent) at a reasonable rate to encourage all of the reduction measures.
• At less than $65NZD/T the cost is too low to encourage significant movement on the issues.
• Have a ratcheting scheme in the CO₂ market, i.e. add $5-8/yr/T for CO₂e; in 10 years the price will be between $110-140/T. At the 10yr mark, make the ratchet $10-15/yr/T.
• Add a carbon tariff; basically make it more expensive to buy from countries that are not pulling their weight.
• Be careful not to double tax, this is important for buy in from the public. i.e. the carbon tax on fuel should be exempt from sales tax, taxing a tax is a great way to alienate people.

Little pills

Ah yes; the tactical wees discussion.

“Yes, I know you don’t need to go right now; but we are going to be in the car for 30 - 40 minutes; go to the toilet now please!”

You are not; but they are not really assholes. They are optimising for some outcome that they want, with inferior tools/mechanisms. Depending on age, their brain runs on emotion most of the time, logic is a distant second place.

In saying all of that…they can seem like assholes in the moment!!!

I got ulcers, mainly mouth and throat…

Immune system: Fuck you, you’re too healthy. I’m gonna attack these healthy (rolls dice), skin cells.

Market research?

It puts the lotion on its skin, or it gets the hose again.

I’ll put in a word for my preferred sport here.

My super energetic boy has been rock climbing since 7.

Strength, flexibility, balance, self confidence, progression is based on solving problems, climbs are graded.

I agree, sometimes you just want pasific rim. Giant monsters fighting giant robots, to a kick arse sound track.

After the first JP, the rest are just cool dinosaurs on screen.

I get that, why import stuff that you produce locally…

I try to never get imported food products that we make here… It just seems wasteful.