In Denmark we have mostly public healthcare. Everybody can go to a GP, a hospital or a specialist free of charge. Prescriptions have co-pays that can be really nasty up front but at least the co-pays gets smaller the more drugs you need and there is a cap to how much you can end up paying over a year.
Dentistry is not covered for adults due to dentists and medical doctors being represented by different lobby groups half a century ago. Dental health is scary if you’re poor although you can beg the local municipality to cover the cheapest possible treatment if you can demonstrate that you’re poor enough. Glasses are the same story and although the national health insurance pays some part of the cost for hearing aids, that only covers the cheapest and most basic models.
You can have private health insurance in addition to what you get from the national health insurance. Many people working in the private sector, especially in PMC jobs, has health insurance as part of their remuneration. These private insurances enables you to skip waiting lines for treatment and diagnosis by sending you to a private hospital, it is also common for them to cover physiotherapy and treatment for gambling and substance abuse disorders. Some of them even partially covers dental care. In essence the purpose of these private plans is to get you back to work as quick as possible and they have some really arbitrary limitations, like covering psychiatric care but not anything related to ADHD or anxiety.
There’s also private health insurance you can buy as an individual if they suspect you won’t need it. They will cover part of the costs of prescriptions and glasses as well as letting you skip the waiting lists.
I remember how everyone in my country who have opinions for a living were clutching their pearls saying “war in Europe” as if it was orders of magnitude worse than war everywhere else.